STUDY ON THE MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ESTIMATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY USING FY-3 MWRI BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE DATA     

张淼  邱红  方翔  卢乃锰 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2017,23(2):146-154

A technique for estimating tropical cyclone (TC) intensity over the Western North Pacific utilizing FY-3 Microwave Imager (MWRI) data is developed. As a first step, we investigated the relationship between the FY-3 MWRI brightness temperature (TB) parameters, which are computed in concentric circles or annuli of different radius in different MWRI frequencies, and the TC maximum wind speed (Vmax) from the TC best track data. We found that the parameters of lower frequency channels’ minimum TB, mean TB and ratio of pixels over the threshold TB with a radius of 1.0 or 1.5 degrees from the center give higher correlation. Then by applying principal components analysis (PCA) and multiple regression method, we established an estimation model and evaluated it using independent verification data, with the RMSE being 13 kt. The estimated Vmax is always stronger in the early stages of development, but slightly weaker toward the mature stage, and a reversal of positive and negative bias takes place with a boundary of around 70 kt. For the TC that has a larger error, we found that they are often with less organized and asymmetric cloud pattern, so the classification of TC cloud pattern will help improve the acuracy of the estimated TC intensity, and with the increase of statistical samples the accuracy of the estimated TC intensity will also be improved.  相似文献   

基于地基微波辐射计对武汉夏季暴雨过程的观测分析     

韩芳蓉  舒斯  郭英莲  许建玉 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2017,11(6):83-88

利用地基微波辐射计获取的高时空分辨率资料,结合卫星云图资料,对2012年7月12—13日武汉站发生的暴雨过程中各气象要素与降水的关系进行了分析。结果表明:(1)相对湿度、液态水含量、不稳定能量的值和其大值区所在的垂直高度在降水期均明显大于非降水期,说明这些要素变化特征与降水有较好的对应关系,应用地基微波辐射计资料要素分析降水过程具有很高的可靠性。(2)以小时雨量10 mm将降水分界为弱降水和强降水时段。云底高度在强降水时段才为零;温度的垂直分布在降水时段存在逆温,且强降水比弱降水时段逆温层更高;水汽密度在有降水发生时,底层的大值区有所抬升,并在强降水时段对流层低层出现26 g/m3的大值中心。可以通过地基微波辐射计对降水做进一步的量级划分,有助于明确雨团性质和降水效率。  相似文献   

1980—2009水文年青藏高原积雪物候时空变化遥感分析     

乔德京  王念秦  李震  周建民  符喜优 《气候变化研究进展》2018,14(2):137-143

以青藏高原积雪为研究对象,首先对长时间序列逐日雪深被动微波遥感数据进行预处理,获得青藏高原1980—2009水文年逐日雪深数据,然后逐像元计算出每个水文年平均积雪深度、开始日期(SCS)和结束日期(SCE),利用GIS空间分析和地学统计方法系统分析20世纪80年代、90年代和21世纪初青藏高原积雪物候变化特征和异常分布。结果表明：青藏高原积雪深度在20世纪80年代呈递减趋势,20世纪90年代后开始呈现递增趋势。20世纪80年代青藏高原除阿尔金山和昆仑山以外的高海拔山区SCS呈提前趋势,青藏高原高海拔地区SCE呈推迟趋势;20世纪90年代青藏高原高海拔地区的SCS提前趋势减弱,而高原中部腹地SCS出现显著的提前趋势,高原高海拔地区SCE呈提前趋势,高原中部腹地SCE呈推迟趋势;进入21世纪初后帕米尔高原、念青唐古拉山和横断山脉SCS呈推迟趋势,横断山、念青唐古拉、巴颜喀拉山SCE呈提前趋势。总体上,青藏高原积雪物候变化存在明显的空间差异和不同演变规律。  相似文献   

基于高分SAR影像的城市用地变化检测     

王纬华  江涛  张永红  康永辉 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(7)

SAR技术的发展使得该技术在人们生活和生产中发挥着越来越重要的作用,而且高分辨率SAR影像的使用推动了SAR技术在各个方面的研究和应用,其中对城市用地的变化监测效果十分明显。本文采用4景前后时间相差11个月的Terra SAR-X数据,运用对数比值法构造差异影像,最后使用马尔科夫随机场模型提取出城市建筑物用地变化区域。最终得到的结果与人工目视解译结果的重合率达到80%以上,表明该方法行之有效,可以推广生产。  相似文献   

关于我国金刚石钻头生产技术的分析研究          下载免费PDF全文

汤凤林  郭胜惠  彭莉  Чихоткин В.Ф.  陈菓  李静 《探矿工程》2016,43(4):49-54

我国金刚石钻进取得了很大的成绩,但是其技术经济指标尚不理想,与国外相比尚有差距,特别是其中关键的金刚石钻头性能指标更是如此。我国目前主要使用热压烧结技术生产金刚石钻头。但是,热压烧结有“短板”,国外冷压浸渍烧结有强项,微波加热烧结有优点。建议试验研究冷压浸渍、微波烧结金刚石钻头,以便把我国的金刚石钻探技术经济指标提高到一个新水平。  相似文献   

Synthetic seismic illumination of small-scale growth faults,paralic deposits and low-angle clinoforms: A case study of the Triassic successions on Edgeøya,NW Barents Shelf     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2016

Fault activity and sandstone-body geometries and spread, all bear significant weight to understanding the potential hydrocarbon systems on the NW Barents Shelf. Synthetic seismic modelling of onshore sedimentary successions provides insight into the seismic resolution and expression of various sedimentological features on Edgeøya: (i) sandy growth basins in pro-delta mudstones (ii) paralic sedimentary deposits and (iii) low-angle tidally influenced progradational successions.Synthetic modelling suggests that the lithological contrast associated with sand-infilled growth basins in pro-deltaic shales, even with offsets as small as 50–75 m, will create distinct geometries in seismic data. Modelling suggests that while optimal 90° illumination, low frequency bands and more typical sedimentary velocities around 2000 m/s will generate very clear discernible growth faults, the angular lithological contrast should generate discernible features even with the high velocities and typical 20–30 Hz frequency band of seismic sections on the NW Barents Shelf. Comparing to actual seismic data in which multiples, noise and in places overburden are influential, it is possible to identify growth-fault geometries more confidently, and to link them to larger planar fault activity.Modelling other features identified in the paralic sedimentary system it is apparent that many of the massive channel or lenticular shaped sandstone bodies should be identifiable in the actual seismic, although their expression is less distinct and more easily misinterpreted than that of growth faults. It is apparent that features such as igneous intrusions, unless imaged in a “perfect” survey, can be difficult to properly identify, particularly near-vertical connections. The velocity contrast creates strong impedance along horizontal sections, but heavily fractured igneous intrusions with lower velocities could easily be assumed to be isolated sandstone bodies. While the modelling appreciates the overall wedging nature of the successions, the simplified lithological observations onshore cannot predict the probable erosion/condensation contrast associated with low-angle clinoforms which are visible in the seismic data, and hence not reproduce them easily in the models.  相似文献   

IPTA方法在地面沉降监测中的应用     

张海波  李宗春  许兵  郭风成 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(2):145-149

干涉点目标分析(IPTA)技术是一种新兴的In SAR形变测量技术。它克服了常规雷达差分干涉测量(DIn SAR)受失相干因素和大气延迟影响较大的问题。介绍了IPTA方法及处理流程,并对参数迭代估计、基线精化等关键问题进行了阐述。对加利福尼亚州安大略市的39幅ENVISAT ASAR数据进行IPTA处理,提取了2005—2010年间的地面沉降信息并进行了形变分析。结果表明,该方法在大范围地面沉降监测中应用效果良好。  相似文献   

基于浮标实测数据的WindSat海洋反演产品精度分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张雷  石汉青  杜华栋  朱恩泽  张志华  方旬 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(1):67-78

To evaluate the ocean surface wind vector and the sea surface temperature obtained from Wind Sat, we compare these quantities over the time period from January 2004 to December 2013 with moored buoy measurements. The mean bias between the Wind Sat wind speed and the buoy wind speed is low for the low frequency wind speed product(WSPD_LF), ranging from –0.07 to 0.08 m/s in different selected areas. The overall RMS error is 0.98 m/s for WSPD_LF, ranging from 0.82 to 1.16 m/s in different selected regions. The wind speed retrieval result in the tropical Ocean is better than that of the coastal and offshore waters of the United States. In addition, the wind speed retrieval accuracy of WSPD_LF is better than that of the medium frequency wind speed product. The crosstalk analysis indicates that the Wind Sat wind speed retrieval contains some cross influences from the other geophysical parameters, such as sea surface temperature, water vapor and cloud liquid water. The mean bias between the Wind Sat wind direction and the buoy wind direction ranges from –0.46° to 1.19° in different selected regions. The overall RMS error is 19.59° when the wind speed is greater than 6 m/s. Measurements of the tropical ocean region have a better accuracy than those of the US west and east coasts. Very good agreement is obtained between sea surface temperatures of Wind Sat and buoy measurements in the tropical Pacific Ocean; the overall RMS error is only 0.36°C, and the retrieval accuracy of the low latitudes is better than that of the middle and high latitudes.  相似文献   

关于海洋气象学学科归属问题的探讨     

方杏芹 《气象与环境学报》2022,38(1):82-91

在揭示海洋气象学学科归属问题和影响的基础上,通过对相关学科内涵和外延的综合分析,厘清了海洋气象学学科归属。海洋气象学归属于大气科学比归属于海洋科学更适合其发展。厘清海洋气象学学科归属的关键是理解海洋-大气相互作用的多尺度特征。未来海洋气象学的发展极大地依赖于海上高科技探测技术、实地和遥感观测的综合应用、中小尺度海-气相互作用理论、多层次大气-海洋耦合模式,由此需要加强更小尺度的海洋-大气相互作用研究。分析结果可供大气科学和海洋科学科研、教学、业务、管理人员参考。  相似文献   

重庆不同天气条件下地基微波辐射计探测特征     

邹倩  陈小敏  邓承之  龙美希 《干旱气象》2022,40(1):114-124

利用2012年1月至2014年8月重庆沙坪坝站的微波辐射计和探空数据,通过数值模拟检验微波辐射计的亮温精度,并统计分析晴空、有云和降水天气条件下微波辐射计反演产品的变化特征。结果表明:(1)有云时微波辐射计氧气通道53.85、54.00 GHz亮温与探空观测温度相关性较好;晴空和有云时MonoRTM模拟亮温与微波辐射计观测亮温相关性较好。(2)不同天气条件下,微波辐射计反演温度与探空观测值的相关性都较高,降水时4.0 km以下微波辐射计反演温度明显偏高,有云和晴空时3.8 km以下的温度平均绝对误差小于2℃。微波辐射计反演的相对湿度与探空观测值的相关性较同高度层温度的相关性差,有云时1.0~2.6 km高度反演的相对湿度平均误差很小,降水时4.5 km以下平均误差也较小且稳定。降水时4.0 km以下微波辐射计反演的水汽密度平均误差明显偏大,有云时多数高度层平均误差较小。(3)4.2 km以下降水时08:00微波辐射计反演温度的平均误差较大,有云时08:00微波辐射计反演温度和水汽密度的平均误差均较小。说明微波辐射计反演的大气廓线具有可用性,且在稳定大气环境中反演效果更好。  相似文献